Các thuật ngữ trong ISO (12)
cryptographic algorithm
SET OF RULES FOR THE TRANSFORMING OF DATA USING A CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY SUCH AS:
  • a) the transformation from plaintext to ciphertext and vice versa (i.e. a cipher);
  • b) generation of keying material;
  • c) digital signature computation or validation
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.3
asymmetric key pair
public key and related private key created by and used with a public key cryptosystem
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.1
cryptosystem
set of cryptographic primitives used to provide information security services
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.5
dictionary attack
attack in which an adversary builds a dictionary of plaintext and corresponding ciphertext
Note 1 to entry: When a match is able to be made between intercepted ciphertext and dictionary-stored ciphertext, the corresponding plaintext is immediately available from the dictionary.
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.7
message authentication code
MAC
code in a message between an originator and recipient used to validate the source and part or all of the text of a message
Note 1 to entry: The code is the result of an agreed calculation.
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.9
public key
portion of an asymmetric key pair, the value of which can be made public
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.11
data integrity
property that data has not been altered or destroyed in an unauthorized manner
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.6
cipher
pair of operations that effect transformations between plaintext and ciphertext under the control of a parameter called a key
Note 1 to entry: The encipherment operation transforms data (plaintext) into an unintelligible form (ciphertext). The decipherment operation restores the original data.
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.2
cryptographic key
parameter that determines the operation of a cryptographic algorithm
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.4
digital signature
result of an asymmetric cryptographic transformation of data that allows a recipient of the data to validate the origin and integrity of the data and protects the sender against forgery by third parties or the recipient
ISO 11568-1:2005(en), 3.8
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